OS-level virtualization incurs smaller start-up and run-time overhead thanHAL-based virtualization and thus forms an important building block fordeveloping fault-tolerant and intrusion-tolerant applications. A completeimplementation of OS-level virtualization on the Windows platform requiresvirtualization of Windows services, such as system services like the RemoteProcedure Call Server Service (RPCSS), because they are essentially extensionsof the kernel. As Windows system services work very differently from theircounterparts on UNIX-style OS, i.e., daemons, and many of their implementationdetails are proprietary, virtualizing Windows system services turned out to bethe most challenging technical barrier for OS-level virtualization for theWindows platform. In this paper, we describe a general technique to virtualizeWindows services, and demonstrate its effectiveness by applying it tosuccessfully virtualize a set of important Windows system services and ordinaryservices on different versions of Windows OS, including RPCSS, DcomLaunch, IISservice group, Tlntsvr, MySQL, Apache2.2, CiSvc, ImapiService, etc.
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